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"Character is destiny."
-- Heraclitus
Most physical descriptions of Jean Lafitte seem to agree with that of him found in a
letter written by an excited little Louisiana boy named Esau Glassock who had accompanied
his father to New Orleans to purchase slaves. Esau wrote his brother that, "I have
just seen the notorious Captain Lafitte. He is tall, with pale skin, and he has large
black eyes. He is clean shaven except for a beard extending part-way down his
cheeks." Additional others said his hands were small and delicate for a pirate; that
he was "remarkably handsome" with Gallic features and possessed a
"brilliancy of teeth". Says author Jack C. Ramsay, Jr., "When he walked the
streets of the city, he exhibited an aire of gentlemanly self-confidence."
His temper was ferocious; most accounts support that; a man who could be kind and
serene, but turn panther-like when pushed. When a small group of armed and boisterous
Baratarians gathered outside his home threatening mutiny, Lafitte appeared on the porch,
pistol in hand, and shot their leader at point-blank range. The mutiny ended.
But, this need for violence to maintain order was rare. To lead, he depended on and
honed his innate flexibility; he knew how to adjust to the moment -- to be the gentleman,
the rascal, the radical, entrepreneur, the patron of the arts, the lover or the pirate to
fit the situation at hand.
Many stories exist, most of them founded on fact, attesting to his chivalry. When a
family named Martin found itself in danger caught in a rowboat during a violent storm in
the Gulf of Mexico, a vessel manned by Lafitte took them aboard. Mrs. Martins diary
reads: "Lafitte the Pirate...treated us with all kindness possible (providing us
with) a bountiful breakfast (and) even supplying a hat for my husband who had lost his
own."
Once after he and his lieutenants divvied up their treasure evenly, two gold coins
remained on Lafittes desk unclaimed. He turned to the wife of Louis Chighizola and
motioned, "Those are for you." But, her husbands quick hands claimed them.
"Ill hold them for her," Chighizola said. Lafittes eyes darkened as
he rose from his chair and shot a hand forward, palm up. "Louis," he replied,
"Give them to me." His subordinate knew better than to argue. Lafitte then
turned to his blacksmith, Thiac. "From these coins, create a thimble of gold and give
it the misses." That thimble still exists in the Chighizola family that has remained
in Barataria.
A charming story relates the night that the pirates were playing cards in
Lafittes den. An argument had broken out between Lafittes crew and
Gambis, the latter blaming the others for cheating. "We shall have a third
party cut the cards," Lafitte announced and sent Thiac to summon one of the fishermen
from the coast up to his house. When the fisherman arrived he looked nervous; he had
brought with him his little daughter in hopes that these pirates wouldnt harm him in
front of his child.
Lafitte smiled when he saw the girl and asked her to cut the deck, explaining to
her in a gentle voice what that meant. She did, and Lafitte went on to win the play. Gambi
stormed out. Before they left, the island chief called the little girl to his lap, thanked
her for her help and dropped a $20 gold piece into her palm. She grew up never forgetting
the dashing pirate who had been so kind to her.
Women loved Lafitte. That he was aware of his seductive qualities is evidenced in the
manner by which he sought -- and won -- female company. A regular at the formal balls in
town, usually a guest of some rich merchant or landowner, he tantalized the belles in the
room with his courtly demeanor and fine-cut figure, which he primped in the finest cloths
and silks of the day. He waltzed as well as the high society crowd. It is said he
preferred the company of the quadroons, dark-eyed beauties one-quarter Negro who in
Southern society were demanded by wealthy men as mistresses. Lafitte had several and would
provide for them well-furnished apartments in town. One of these was a lady named
Madeleine Rigaud. Another, whom he visited regularly was Catherine Villars, whose sister
Marie lived with and gave children to Pierre Lafitte. Church records indicate that
"an illegitimate child" named Pierre was born to Jean and Catherine in 1816.
The second wife of Mrs. Claiborne seems even to have been attracted to him. By chance,
both she and the privateer showed up at the same time at the home of a mutual friend, a
plantation owner who lived along the Mississippi River. Afraid that his friendship with
Lafitte would harm his professional association with the governor, the planter created an
alias for his male guest, introducing him as "Monsieur Clement". During dinner,
legend has it, Lafittes charms oozed to totally captivate the attentions of the
governmental wife. Unfounded rumors suggest a tryst afterward.
In no other field of activity is early New Orleans more identified with than that of
dueling. As noted in Stuart O. Landrys Dueling in Old New Orleans: "You
had to be careful what you said or how you acted. If you criticized the leading soprano at
the opera or inadvertently spilled a little of your mint julep on the cuff of the
gentleman standing next to you at the bar, you might be called upon to expiate these
delinquencies on the field of honor."
Both Creoles and Americans practiced the sport to avenge their name or sometimes merely
to impress their women. Insulted by a statement made by a congressman, Governor Claiborne
was once compelled to cross swords, as were many other members of the gentry. Two popular
dueling spots were the gardens behind the St. Louis Cathedral after Mass on Sundays or
under the weeping willows of a park near Bayou St. John outside of town
One frequent practitioner was Jean Lafitte, adding the term swashbuckler to his
romantic image. He excelled in the art of the rapier and never lost a bout, although he
was "called out" many times by men testing his skill. One evening, legend has it
that, while dining with his lady at what later became the famous restaurant Courtyard of
Two Sisters, he fought three separate unrelated duels beneath the magnificent oak that
centered the open air inn. Unscathed and unflustered, he finally sat down to eat his
dinner.
But, a much bigger battle remained to be fought than a code duello. One that
involved thousands of men and would result in thousands of deaths. The War of 1812 had
begun with England and Jean Lafitte, never before considering himself a man with a
country, would be forced to choose sides.
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